Lithium battery is a kind of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The earliest lithium battery came from the great inventor Edison, using the following reaction: Li+MnO2=LiMnO2 This reaction is a redox reaction, discharge. Due to the very active chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements. Therefore, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time. Lithium batteries have now become mainstream.
Lithium battery material
Lithium battery anode materials are generally divided into the following categories:
The first is the carbon anode material:
At present, the anode materials actually used in lithium-ion batteries are basically carbon materials, such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microspheres, petroleum coke, carbon fiber, pyrolysis resin carbon, etc.
The second is tin-based anode material:
Tin-based anode materials can be divided into tin oxides and tin-based composite oxides. Oxides refer to oxides of metal tin in various valence states. There are currently no commercial products.
The third is the lithium-containing transition metal nitride anode material, and there is no commercial product at present.
The fourth is alloy negative electrode material:
Including tin-based alloys, silicon-based alloys, germanium-based alloys, aluminum-based alloys, antimony-based alloys, magnesium-based alloys and other alloys, there are currently no commercial products.
The fifth is nanoscale anode materials: carbon nanotubes and nanoalloy materials.
The sixth nanomaterial is the nanooxide material:
At present, Hefei Xiangzheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. according to the latest market development trend of lithium battery new energy industry in 2009, many companies have begun to use nano-titanium oxide and nano-silicon oxide to add to the traditional graphite, tin oxide, carbon nanotubes, Greatly improve the charge-discharge capacity and charge-discharge times of lithium batteries.
Application of lithium battery
With the development of microelectronics technology in the 20th century, the number of miniaturized devices is increasing, which puts forward high requirements for power supply. Lithium batteries have then entered a large-scale practical stage. The earliest application was the lithium subprimary battery, which was used in cardiac pacemakers. Due to the extremely low self-discharge rate of the lithium sub-battery, the discharge voltage is very gentle. It makes it possible to implant the pacemaker into the human body for long-term use. Lithium-manganese batteries generally have a nominal voltage higher than 3.0 volts, and are more suitable for integrated circuit power supplies, widely used in computers, calculators, and watches. Now, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, power tools, electric vehicles, backup power for street lamps, navigation lights, and small household appliances, which can be said to be the largest application group.
